Jumat, 29 Mei 2026

Materi SAS Bahasa Inggris 8



📄
A. Recount Text
Menceritakan kembali peristiwa nyata
ℹ Pengertian
Recount text adalah teks yang menceritakan kembali peristiwa, pengalaman, atau kejadian nyata yang telah terjadi di masa lalu. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberi informasi atau menghibur pembaca.
☰ Struktur Generik
🏁 Orientation
Siapa, kapan, di mana
📋 Events
Urutan kejadian
💬 Re-orientation
Komentar/penutup
✦ Ciri Kebahasaan
Tense
Simple Past Tense
Urutan waktu
first, then, after that, finally
Kata kerja aksi
visited, went, arrived, saw
Kata sifat
amazing, wonderful, terrible
💡 Contoh Teks
Contoh Recount Text
Orientation: Last Saturday, my class visited the Geological Museum in Bandung.
Events: We arrived at 9 a.m. A guide explained the history of volcanic eruptions. I was amazed by the ancient rocks and fossils.
Re-orientation: It was a great experience. I learned a lot about Indonesia's geology.
⚠ Tips untuk Soal
💡 Strategi Menjawab
Ketika membaca recount text: (1) Cari tahu siapa, kapan, dan di mana di paragraf pertama. (2) Ikuti urutan kejadian. (3) Perhatikan kata-kata because, so, therefore untuk alasan dan akibat. (4) Re-orientation biasanya berisi perasaan atau pelajaran yang didapat.
🕐
B. Simple Past Tense
Kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif
ℹ Pengertian
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan tindakan atau kejadian yang terjadi dan selesai di masa lampau. Biasanya ditandai dengan kata waktu seperti yesterday, last week, ago, in 2023.
▦ Rumus
✅ Positif
S + V2 + O/C
❌ Negatif
S + did not + V1 + O/C
❓ Interogatif
Did + S + V1 + O/C?
💡 Contoh Kalimat
Positif
She went to the market yesterday.
They played football last Sunday.
Negatif
She did not go to the market yesterday.
They did not play football last Sunday.
Interogatif
Did she go to the market yesterday?
Did they play football last Sunday?
⊟ Verb Irregular Penting
Verb 1Verb 2 (Past)Artinya
gowentpergi
writewrotemenulis
buyboughtmembeli
eatatemakan
seesawmelihat
comecamedatang
taketookmengambil
knowknewmengetahui
practisepractisedberlatih
winwonmemenangkan
⚠ Kesalahan Umum
⚠️ Jangan Salah!
❌ She didn't went to school. → ✅ She didn't go to school.
❌ Did she visited her grandma? → ✅ Did she visit her grandma?
❌ She not go to school. → ✅ She did not go to school.

Ingat: Setelah did/didn't, gunakan Verb 1 (bentuk dasar), BUKAN Verb 2!
C. WH-Questions untuk Wawancara
Jenis dan penggunaan kata tanya
⊞ Kata Tanya dan Fungsinya
What
Menanyakan benda / hal
"What is your hobby?"
Who
Menanyakan orang
"Who is your teacher?"
Where
Menanyakan tempat
"Where do you live?"
When
Menanyakan waktu
"When did it happen?"
Why
Menanyakan alasan
"Why did you do that?"
How
Menanyakan cara
"How did you manage it?"
How many
Jumlah (bisa dihitung)
"How many students?"
How much
Jumlah (tak dihitung)
"How much water?"
💡 Contoh Wawancara
Wawancara Atlet
Q: When did you start training?
A: I started when I was 8 years old.

Q: How do you stay focused during competitions?
A: I practise mindfulness and visualise each game.

Q: Why did you choose chess?
A: Because it challenges both my memory and creativity.
⚠ Tips Memilih WH yang Tepat
💡 Strategi
Perhatikan jawaban yang diberikan, lalu tentukan kata WH yang sesuai:
• Jawaban berupa cara/prosesHow
• Jawaban berupa waktuWhen
• Jawaban berupa alasanWhy
• Jawaban berupa tempatWhere
• Jawaban berupa jumlah bendaHow many/much
🌿
D. Kosakata Lingkungan & Sampah Plastik
Istilah penting lingkungan hidup
📝 Kosakata Penting
Biodegradable
Dapat terurai secara alami oleh bakteri/organisme. Ramah lingkungan.
Single-use plastic
Plastik sekali pakai — sedotan, kantong belanja, gelas styrofoam.
Microplastics
Partikel plastik sangat kecil yang mencemari air, tanah, dan tubuh manusia.
Contaminate
Mencemari. "Plastic waste can contaminate soil and groundwater."
Decompose
Terurai / membusuk secara alami. Plastik butuh ratusan tahun untuk decompose.
Ecosystem
Ekosistem — sistem kehidupan yang saling bergantung (laut, hutan, dll).
Reusable
Dapat digunakan berulang kali. Mis: reusable bag, bamboo straw.
Recycle
Mendaur ulang sampah menjadi produk baru yang berguna.
♻ Prinsip 3R
♻️ Reduce
Kurangi pemakaian
🔄 Reuse
Gunakan kembali
♻️ Recycle
Daur ulang
⚠ Dampak Plastik pada Lingkungan
📌 Fakta Penting untuk Soal
• Plastik sekali pakai membutuhkan ratusan tahun untuk terurai.
• Microplastics ditemukan dalam ikan, air minum, bahkan darah manusia.
• Hewan laut seperti penyu sering menelan plastik karena mengira itu makanan.
• Plastik dapat mencemari (contaminate) tanah dan air tanah.
🖼
E. Teks Visual & Multimodal (Poster)
Memahami dan merancang poster larangan
ℹ Jenis-Jenis Poster
Prohibition Poster
Larangan. "No Smoking", "No Littering"
Invitation Poster
Undangan. "Join Our Event!"
Advertisement
Iklan produk/jasa
Informational
Menyampaikan informasi
💡 Elemen Poster yang Efektif
T
Slogan Singkat & Jelas
Kata-kata yang pendek, kuat, dan mudah diingat. Contoh: "Plastic Kills. Say NO!"
🖼
Gambar yang Relevan
Visual harus mendukung pesan. Penyu terjerat plastik → pesan anti-plastik.
🎨
Warna Kontras
Warna mencolok menarik perhatian. Merah = larangan, hijau = ajakan positif.
🚫
Simbol Universal
Tanda X atau lingkaran bersilang = larangan. Dipahami semua orang.
⚠ Tips Soal Visual
💡 Cara Membaca Teks Multimodal
Perhatikan 3 elemen: (1) Gambar/visual — apa yang digambarkan?, (2) Slogan/teks — apa pesannya?, (3) Kombinasi keduanya — apa tujuan dan efeknya pada pembaca?
📖
F. Narrative Text
Struktur, nilai moral, dan penulisan cerita
ℹ Pengertian
Narrative text adalah teks yang bercerita untuk menghibur pembaca. Biasanya berupa dongeng, legenda, fabel, atau cerita fiksi dengan karakter, setting, dan alur cerita yang jelas.
☰ Struktur Generik
1
Orientation
Perkenalan tokoh, latar tempat, dan waktu. Biasanya diawali "Once upon a time..." atau "Long ago..."
2
Complication
Masalah atau konflik yang dialami tokoh. Ini adalah inti cerita yang membuat pembaca penasaran.
3
Resolution
Penyelesaian masalah. Biasanya diikuti dengan "lived happily ever after" atau penutup cerita.
💡 Contoh Analisis
Cerita: The Lion and the Mouse
Orientation: A proud lion lived in the jungle. One day, a tiny mouse ran across his paw.
Complication: The lion was trapped in a hunter's net and couldn't escape.
Resolution: The mouse gnawed through the ropes and freed the lion.
Moral value: Never underestimate anyone — even the smallest can offer great help.
❤ Nilai Moral (Moral Value)
Untuk mencari moral value, tanyakan: "Apa pelajaran hidup yang bisa diambil dari cerita ini?"
Biasanya berkaitan dengan kejujuran, keberanian, kreativitas, persahabatan, kerendahan hati, atau pantang menyerah.
⚠ Tips Soal Narrative
💡 Strategi Analisis Karakter
Untuk soal inferensi karakter: perhatikan apa yang dilakukan tokoh, bukan apa yang dikatakan. Tindakan mencerminkan sifat asli tokoh. Danu bermain seruling → kreatif dan tenang. Singa melepaskan tikus → baik hati.
💬
G. Opinion, Preference & Motivasi
Ekspresi pendapat dan semangat
💬 Ekspresi Pendapat (Opinion)
In my opinion, ...
Menurut pendapat saya...
I think that ...
Saya pikir bahwa...
I believe that ...
Saya percaya bahwa...
From my point of view, ...
Dari sudut pandang saya...
❤ Ekspresi Preferensi
Pola Preferensi
I'd rather [V1] than [V1]
→ "I'd rather read a novel than watch television."
→ Artinya: Saya lebih suka membaca novel daripada menonton TV.

I prefer [noun/gerund] to [noun/gerund]
→ "I prefer reading to watching television."
★ Ekspresi Semangat & Motivasi
Don't give up!
Jangan menyerah!
You can do it!
Kamu pasti bisa!
Keep trying!
Terus berusaha!
I believe in you!
Aku percaya padamu!
Never lose hope!
Jangan pernah kehilangan harapan!
You've got this!
Kamu pasti berhasil!
H. Urutan Peristiwa (Sequence of Events)
Menyusun cerita secara kronologis
🔢 Kata Penghubung Urutan
Pertama
First / Once upon a time / At the beginning
Kemudian
Then / After that / Next / Soon
Sementara itu
Meanwhile / At the same time
Akhirnya
Finally / Eventually / In the end
💡 Strategi Menyusun Urutan
💡 Langkah-langkah
1. Cari kalimat pembuka — biasanya menggunakan "Once upon a time" atau setting waktu awal.
2. Identifikasi komplikasi/masalah — ini terjadi setelah orientation.
3. Cari penyelesaian — tindakan yang memecahkan masalah.
4. Temukan penutup — biasanya "lived happily ever after" atau komentar akhir.
5. Urutan logis: Orientation → Complication → Resolution → Closing.
I. Modal Verbs
Can, should, must / must not
▦ Tiga Modal Verb Utama
CAN
Kemampuan / Izin
"She can play the guitar."
"You can use my pen."
SHOULD
Saran / Anjuran
"You should exercise daily."
"We should reduce plastic."
MUST
Kewajiban / Larangan
"You must wear a seatbelt."
"You must not cheat."
ℹ Rumus Dasar
Modal verb selalu diikuti Verb 1 (bentuk dasar), BUKAN V2 atau V-ing.
✅ She must not use her phone during the exam.
❌ She musts finish her work. (salah — modal tidak pakai -s)
❌ You should to study harder. (salah — tidak ada "to" setelah modal)
🚫 Must vs Must Not
Perbedaan
Must = harus (kewajiban positif)
→ "Students must bring their ID card to the exam."

Must not (mustn't) = tidak boleh (larangan keras)
→ "Students must not use their phones during the exam."
©hend’s · Ringkasan Materi SAS Bahasa Inggris Kelas VIII · 2025/2026

Selasa, 07 April 2026

Imperative Sentences

 1. Definition and Purpose

Imperative sentences are used when you want to ask, give a command, or provide instructions to someone. Essentially, they are used to tell other people what to do in a direct and clear manner.

2. The Golden Rule of Grammar

A unique feature of imperative sentences is that they have no subject. In English, we usually need a subject (like "You" or "Galang"), but in imperative sentences, the subject "You" is understood without being written or spoken. The sentence typically begins directly with a verb.

3. Common Uses and Examples

A. Giving Step-by-Step Instructions

Imperatives are the primary tool for procedural texts, such as how to make something or how to use technology.

  • Example: Making a Pocket Book
    • Fold the paper into eighths.
    • Cut the vertical fold in the middle of the paper using scissors.
    • Unfold the paper again.
    • Push the two ends together.
  • Example: Using a Search Engine
    • Open a web browser on your laptop.
    • Type the keywords in the search box.
    • Click the search tab beside the search box.
    • Rephrase your search to get different results.
    • Choose one of the results that you want to read.

B. Giving Advice or Warnings with "Always" and "Never"

To make a command or piece of advice stronger, we often use the words Always or Never before the main verb.

  • Using "Always":
    • Always verify someone’s identity.
    • Always hide your phone numbers.
    • Always check the date of the article.
    • Always keep your personal information private.
  • Using "Never":
    • Never click suspicious links!
    • Never give out your personal information.
    • Never reply to unsolicited emails.
    • Never keep your device software out of date.

C. Project Crafting and Decoration

  • Choose a material to cover your book.
  • Measure the material.
  • Place your paper book on the material.
  • Draw something on the cover.
  • Add some stickers to make it beautiful.

4. Summary Table

Context

Imperative Verb

Full Sentence Example

Search Engine

Open

Open your laptop and a web browser.

Crafting

Fold

Fold the paper evenly.

Safety

Never

Never share your password with anyone.

Research

Check

Check the author of the article.

Social Media

Block

Block and delete messages from strangers.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Practice Exercise

Instructions: Identify the verb in the following imperative sentences.

  1. Identify a famous person for your biography.
  2. Find the information on the Internet.
  3. Check the facts carefully.
  4. Write the biography in your pocket book.
  5. Present your work to the class.

 

Worksheet: Practice with Imperative Sentences

Instructions: Fill in the blanks in the sentences below by choosing the correct verb from the word box.

Fold

Open

Type

Click

Choose

Cut

Unfold

Rephrase

Push

Measure

 

  1. ___________ a web browser on your laptop or smartphone to start your search.
  2. ___________ the specific keywords in the search box carefully.
  3. ___________ the search tab or icon beside the search box to view your results.
  4. ___________ your search keywords if you want to find different or more specific results.
  5. ___________ one of the website results from the list that you would like to read.
  6. ___________ the paper into eighths to create the pages for your pocket book.
  7. ___________ the paper after making the initial folds so you can see the eight panels.
  8. ___________ the vertical fold in the middle of the paper using a pair of scissors.
  9. ___________ the two ends of the folded paper together until it forms the shape of a book.
  10. ___________ the material you have chosen to be the cover of your book to ensure it fits.

Kamis, 06 November 2025

Interaktif: Narrative Text

Materi Interaktif: Narrative Text

Sebuah panduan untuk siswa Kelas 8 SMP

Apa itu Narrative Text?

Di bagian ini, kamu akan berkenalan dengan apa itu *Narrative Text*. Kamu akan belajar definisinya, tujuan utama mengapa teks ini dibuat, dan berbagai jenis cerita yang termasuk di dalamnya, mulai dari fabel hingga legenda.

Definisi

*Narrative Text* adalah jenis teks yang bercerita tentang serangkaian peristiwa yang saling berhubungan, baik fiksi (karangan) maupun non-fiksi (nyata), yang terjadi di masa lampau.

Fungsi Sosial (Social Function)

Tujuan utama dari teks naratif adalah:

  • To entertain the readers (untuk menghibur para pembaca).
  • To teach a moral lesson (untuk mengajarkan pelajaran moral).

Jenis-Jenis Teks Naratif

Klik setiap jenis teks untuk melihat penjelasannya!

🐇

Fable (Fabel)

🏞️

Legend (Legenda)

👵

Folktale (Cerita Rakyat)

Myth (Mitos)

Struktur Teks (Generic Structure)

Setiap cerita naratif memiliki alur yang terstruktur. Di sini, kita akan membedah "kerangka" atau "fondasi" dari sebuah cerita. Klik setiap bagian struktur di bawah untuk memahami fungsinya.

1

Orientation

➡️
2

Complication

➡️
3

Resolution

➡️
?

Coda

Klik salah satu bagian struktur di atas untuk melihat penjelasannya.

Unsur Kebahasaan (Language Features)

Teks naratif menggunakan "resep" bahasa khusus untuk membangun cerita. Di sini kita akan melihat aturan-aturan bahasa yang sering dipakai. Klik setiap aturan untuk membukanya.

Latihan Interaktif

Saatnya mempraktikkan apa yang telah kamu pelajari! Di sini ada dua latihan: menganalisis struktur sebuah teks dan mencoba menulis kerangka ceritamu sendiri.

Latihan 1: Analisis Cerita "The Story of the Lazy Boy"

Instruksi: Baca cerita di bawah ini. Klik satu paragraf (yang berlatar kuning), lalu klik tombol struktur (misalnya "Orientation") yang menurutmu paling sesuai.

Teks Cerita:

(A) Long time ago, there lived a young man named Toba. He was very lazy. One day, Toba went fishing, hoping to catch some fish for dinner.
(B) To his surprise, he caught a very large fish. When he held it, the fish suddenly turned into a beautiful woman. The woman was actually a goddess who was cursed. She agreed to marry Toba, but only if he promised never to tell anyone that she was once a fish. Toba happily agreed.
(C) They lived happily and had a son, Samosir. Samosir was very spoiled and lazy, just like his father. One afternoon, Toba asked Samosir to bring food to the rice field, but Samosir ate half of the food on the way. When Toba saw the remaining food, he became very angry. In his anger, Toba shouted, "You greedy son of a fish!" He had broken his promise.
(D) Immediately, the sky became dark, and a massive storm and earthquake occurred. The woman and Samosir disappeared, and a huge hole formed in the land, which was filled with water and became a large lake. That lake is now known as Lake Toba, and the island in the middle is Samosir Island.
(E) The moral value is that we must always keep our promises and control our emotions.

Pilih Struktur:

Kuis Cepat

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Materi SAS Bahasa Inggris 8

📄 A. Recount Text Menceritakan kembali peristiwa nyata ℹ Pengertian Recount text adalah teks yang menceritakan k...